What is the Difference Between Polytene and Lampbrush Chromosome

The main difference between polytene and lampbrush chromosome is that polytene chromosomes occur in the salivary glands and other tissues of insects whereas lampbrush chromosomes occur in the oocytes of vertebrates except for mammals and some invertebrates.

1. What is Lampbrush and polytene chromosome?
2. What is the function of Lampbrush chromosome?
3. What is meant by Lampbrush chromosome?
4. What is a polytene chromosome?
5. What are Balbiani rings?
6. What are the 4 types of chromosomes?
7. Do humans have polytene chromosomes?
8. Can a woman have Y chromosome?
9. Which is the largest chromosome?
10. Where Lampbrush chromosome is found?
11. What is the function of polytene chromosomes?
12. Who discovered Lampbrush chromosome?

What is Lampbrush and polytene chromosome?

 There are two main kind of giant chromosomes, the polytene type which occur in certain larval tissue of Dipterous flies, especially the salivary gland nuclei, and the lampbrush type which occur in the oocyte nuclei of certain vertebrates, particularly the amphibian.

What is the function of Lampbrush chromosome?

Lampbrush chromosomes are also involved in the production of “masked” mRNAs for early development. The giant granular loops could either be the sites where such mRNAs are packaged or they could be sites where specific alterations of the deoxyribonucleoprotein fiber take place.

What is meant by Lampbrush chromosome?

Lampbrush chromosome (immature eggs) of most animals, except mammals. ... Chromosomes transform into the lampbrush form during the diplotene stage of meiotic prophase I due to an active transcription of many genes. They are highly extended meiotic half-bivalents, each consisting of 2 sister chromatids.

What is a polytene chromosome?

Polytene chromosomes are a strongly amplified form of interphase chromosomes, found, for example, in salivary gland cells of Drosophila and Chironomus. They arise through many rounds of DNA replication without subsequent separation of daughter chromatids. The chromatids run through the entire length of a chromosome.

What are Balbiani rings?

Balbiani rings are exceptionally large puffs on the polytene chromosomes in the dipteran Chironomus tentans. These puffs are particularly well suited for studies of the structure of active genes and the synthesis and transport of specific RNA-protein (RNP) particles.

What are the 4 types of chromosomes?

There are four main types of chromosomes: metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, and telocentric. Chromosomes are found within the nucleus of most living cells and consist of DNA that is tightly wound into thread-like structures.

Do humans have polytene chromosomes?

While polytene chromosomes are most frequently found in insects, they are critical in diverse organisms from ciliates to plants to humans, and they play important roles in disease progression.

Can a woman have Y chromosome?

Typically, biologically male individuals have one X and one Y chromosome (XY) while those who are biologically female have two X chromosomes. However, there are exceptions to this rule. The sex chromosomes determine the sex of offspring.

Which is the largest chromosome?

Chromosome 1 is the largest human chromosome, spanning about 249 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and representing approximately 8 percent of the total DNA in cells. Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research.

Where Lampbrush chromosome is found?

Lampbrush chromosomes (LBCs) are transcriptionally active chromosomes found in the germinal vesicle (GV) of large oocytes of many vertebrate and invertebrate animals and also in the giant single-celled alga Acetabularia. These cells are all in prophase of the first meiotic division.

What is the function of polytene chromosomes?

Polytene chromosomes, at interphase, are seen to have distinct thick and thin banding patterns. These patterns were originally used to help map chromosomes, identify small chromosome mutations, and in taxonomic identification. They are now used to study the function of genes in transcription.

Who discovered Lampbrush chromosome?

Lampbrush chromosomes were discovered in sala- mander egg cells (Ambystoma mexicanum) by Flemming in 1882. Ten years later, LBCs were identified in shark egg cells and described by Rückert in 1982. It was Rück- ert who introduced the term “lampbrush chromosome” into biological nomenclature.