Differbetween
Transcription factors are proteins that help turn specific genes "on" or "off" by binding to nearby DNA. Transcription factors that are activators boost a gene's transcription. Repressors decrease transcription.
- How do transcriptional activator proteins affect transcription?
- How do repressors interfere with transcription?
- How do enhancers and activators interact with transcription factors?
- What do activators and repressors do?
- What is the difference between transcription factors and transcriptional activator proteins?
- Where do most transcription regulators bind?
- What are examples of transcription factors?
- What are two ways repressors can interfere with transcription?
- What binds to a repressor?
- What are the transcription factors in prokaryotes?
- What are general transcription factors and how do they function?
- What are two potential devices that eukaryotic cells use to regulate transcription?
How do transcriptional activator proteins affect transcription?
A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
How do repressors interfere with transcription?
A DNA-binding repressor blocks the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter, thus preventing transcription of the genes into messenger RNA. An RNA-binding repressor binds to the mRNA and prevents translation of the mRNA into protein.
How do enhancers and activators interact with transcription factors?
Enhancers can be located upstream of a gene, within the coding region of the gene, downstream of a gene, or thousands of nucleotides away. When a DNA -bending protein binds to the enhancer, the shape of the DNA changes, which allows interactions between the activators and transcription factors to occur.
What do activators and repressors do?
There are two different types of gene regulation: positive and negative. Activators (and sometimes inducers) instigate positive regulation, and repressors instigate negative regulation. ... When a repressor binds to an operon, the transcription process is slowed or halted.
What is the difference between transcription factors and transcriptional activator proteins?
Transcription factors are proteins that help turn specific genes "on" or "off" by binding to nearby DNA. Transcription factors that are activators boost a gene's transcription. Repressors decrease transcription.
Where do most transcription regulators bind?
How or where do most transcription regulators bind? Most transcriptional regulator proteins bind DNA as dimers. Dimerization roughly doubles the area of contact with the DNA, making the interaction tighter and more specific.
What are examples of transcription factors?
Mechanistic
| Examples of specific transcription factors | ||
|---|---|---|
| Factor | Structural type | Recognition sequence |
| Heat shock factor | Basic zipper | 5'-XGAAX-3' |
| ATF/CREB | Basic zipper | 5'-TGACGTCA-3' |
| c-Myc | Basic helix-loop-helix | 5'-CACGTG-3' |
What are two ways repressors can interfere with transcription?
What are two ways in which repressors can interfere with transcription? Some can bind to the binding side of activators, thus preventing them from binding to DNA and so transcription cannot be activated. Some can order the chromatin structure to coil up tightly and that makes them unavailable for transcription.
What binds to a repressor?
​Repressor
A repressor is a protein that turns off the expression of one or more genes. The repressor protein works by binding to the gene's promoter region, preventing the production of messenger RNA (mRNA).
What are the transcription factors in prokaryotes?
Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that bind to specific sequences on the DNA near their target genes, thus modulating transcription initiation. TFs can activate or repress transcription depending where they bind relative to the transcription start site of the target gene [1].
What are general transcription factors and how do they function?
General transcription factors are proteins that help to position Pol II correctly on the promoter, the region of a gene where transcription is initiated, pull aside the two strands of DNA and then move Pol II into the elongation mode.
What are two potential devices that eukaryotic cells use to regulate transcription?
Two potential devices that eukaryotic cells use to regulate transcription are A) DNA methylation and histone amplification.
