fractional distillation khan academy

1. What is fractional distillation distillation?
2. What is fractional distillation and how does it work?
3. What is the principle of fractional distillation?
4. What is fractional distillation in chemistry?
5. Why is fractional distillation used?
6. Why is fractional distillation important?
7. What are the steps of fractional distillation?
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of simple distillation vs fractional distillation?
9. What are the 3 steps of distillation?
10. What are the two important conditions for fractional distillation?
11. Can fractional distillation separate Azeotropes?
12. What is the use of fractional column in fractional distillation?

What is fractional distillation distillation?

Distillation is a process used to separate liquids with boiling points which comprise gaps around 50 degrees at least. Fractional Distillation is a process used to separate liquids with closer boiling points.

What is fractional distillation and how does it work?

Fractional distillation works by using the fact that molecules of different sizes have different boiling points. Generally, the smaller a molecule, the lower its boiling point. When heating up a mixture of molecules, the lowest boiling compound will boil off first.

What is the principle of fractional distillation?

The basic principle of this type of distillation is that different liquids boil and evaporate at different temperatures. So when the mixture is heated, the substance with lower boiling point starts to boil first and convert into vapours.

What is fractional distillation in chemistry?

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate.

Why is fractional distillation used?

Fractional distillation is used in oil refineries (Figure 5.41) to separate the complex mixture into fractions that contain similar boiling points and therefore similar molecular weights and properties. Gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, and jet fuel are some of the different fractions produced by an oil refinery.

Why is fractional distillation important?

Fractional distillation is useful for separating a mixture of substances with narrow differences in boiling points, and is the most important step in the refining process. ... For example, only 40% of distilled crude oil is gasoline; however, gasoline is one of the major products made by oil companies.

What are the steps of fractional distillation?

Fractional Distillation Process

1. Evaporation. Crude oil is heated until it evaporates. Crude oil vapour is put into a fractionating column at the bottom and rises upwards.
2. Condensation. The temperature is highest at the bottom of the column. ...
3. Collection. The fractions are collected.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of simple distillation vs fractional distillation?

What are the 3 steps of distillation?

The overall process of alcohol distillation can be summed up into 3 parts: Fermentation, Distillation, and Finishing.

What are the two important conditions for fractional distillation?

The two liquids should be miscible with each other. This means that the two liquids should properly mix with each other. The difference in boiling point of the two liquids should be less than 25 degree celsius.

Can fractional distillation separate Azeotropes?

Azeotropes have the same composition in both the liquid and vapour phase. ... Fractional distillation depends on difference in boiling points, which is not seen on azeotropes. So it can 't be used for separation.

What is the use of fractional column in fractional distillation?

A fractionating column or fractional column is an essential item used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities.