fluid catalytic cracking

1. How does fluid catalytic cracking work?
2. What is meant by cracking describe fluidized bed catalytic cracking?
3. What does catalytic cracking produce?
4. In which form does the catalyst are used in fluid bed cracking?
5. What are the conditions needed for cracking?
6. What is the advantage of catalytic cracking over thermal cracking?
7. What are the different types of cracking?
8. What are the two sections of the fluid catalytic cracking process?
9. How thermal cracking is different from catalytic cracking?
10. What are the 2 products of cracking?
11. Which is the most effective catalyst used in catalytic cracking of petroleum products?
12. What is the purpose of cracking?

How does fluid catalytic cracking work?

In the FCC process, the feedstock is heated to a high temperature and moderate pressure, and brought into contact with a hot, powdered catalyst. The catalyst breaks the long-chain molecules of the high-boiling hydrocarbon liquids into much shorter molecules, which are collected as a vapor.

What is meant by cracking describe fluidized bed catalytic cracking?

In FCC, a fluidized-bed (or fluid-bed) of catalyst particles is brought into contact with the gas oil feed along with injected steam at the entrance (called the riser) of the reactor. ...

What does catalytic cracking produce?

The zeolites used in catalytic cracking are chosen to give high percentages of hydrocarbons with between 5 and 10 carbon atoms - particularly useful for petrol (gasoline). It also produces high proportions of branched alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene. ... That leaves the carbon atom with a positive charge.

In which form does the catalyst are used in fluid bed cracking?

The catalyst in a moving bed catalytic cracker is in the form of beads or pellets. A mechanical means must be used to move the catalyst from one part of the process to another. In newer plants, air (lift air) or combustion gases from the catalyst regeneration are used to move the catalyst from one place to another.

What are the conditions needed for cracking?

Cracking

• Thermal cracking uses harsh conditions like high temperature and high pressure.
• It breaks the alkanes into a high percentage of alkenes and comparatively few alkanes.
• Thermal cracking is done at about 1,000 degrees Celcius and 70 atm pressure.

What is the advantage of catalytic cracking over thermal cracking?

Catalytic cracking yields a higher quantity of branched-chain, unsaturated, aromatic hydrocarbons as compared to thermal cracking. Catalytic cracking is a better-controlled process than thermal cracking. Petrol obtained by catalytic cracking has lesser sulfur content.

What are the different types of cracking?

Ans. Cracking is primarily of two types – thermal cracking and catalytic cracking. Thermal cracking is further categorised into modern thermal cracking and steam cracking. On the other hand, sub-classifications of catalytic methods of cracking are hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking.

What are the two sections of the fluid catalytic cracking process?

What are the two sections of the fluid catalytic cracking process? Explanation: Reactor is used for cracking process and regenerator for regeneration of catalyst. 5. How is the circulation regulated between the reactor and regenerator in FCC?

How thermal cracking is different from catalytic cracking?

The main difference between thermal cracking and catalytic cracking is that thermal cracking uses heat energy for the breakdown of compounds whereas catalytic cracking involves a catalyst to obtain products.

What are the 2 products of cracking?

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Cracking of petroleum yields light oils (corresponding to gasoline), middle-range oils used in diesel fuel, residual heavy oils, a solid carbonaceous product known as coke, and such gases as methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and butylene.

Which is the most effective catalyst used in catalytic cracking of petroleum products?

Thus, the reason for the development of the catalytic cracker over thermal units is because of the higher yield and quality of gasoline. Modern cracking uses zeolites as the catalyst. These are complex aluminosilicates, and are large lattices of aluminium, silicon and oxygen atoms carrying a negative charge.

What is the purpose of cracking?

Cracking is a technique used in oil refineries whereby large and complex hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller and lighter components that are more useful for commercial or consumer use. Cracking is a critical stage in the process of refining crude oil.