Difference Between Microglia and Macroglia

1. What is the difference between microglia and Macroglia?
2. What is Macroglia?
3. What is the difference between microglia and astrocytes?
4. What is the difference between neurons and glial cells?
5. What are 3 types of glial cells?
6. What are the 5 types of glial cells?
7. What is an astrocyte?
8. What cells line the ventricles and produce CSF?
9. Which structure is principally responsible for the blood brain barrier?
10. What happens when microglia are activated?
11. What is microglia function?
12. How are microglia activated?

What is the difference between microglia and Macroglia?

Macroglia (astroglia and oligodendroglia) are generally considered to be derived from neuroectoderm and are believed to be developmentally distinct from microglia (1). ... The extent to which cells outside the central nervous system (CNS) contribute to the maintenance of microglia in adults remains debatable (compare refs.

What is Macroglia?

Macroglia are cells that regulate the retinal metabolism and modulate neuron function and blood vessels.

What is the difference between microglia and astrocytes?

Each of the populations of non-neuronal cells of the adult CNS are remarkably adapted to support neuronal function: astrocytes maintain ionic and neurotransmitter homeostasis, refine synaptic connections, and provide neuronal metabolic substrates; microglia monitor synaptic elements and networks, responding to ...

What is the difference between neurons and glial cells?

Glial (Neuroglial) cells do not conduct nerve impulses, but, instead, support, nourish, and protect the neurons. Glial cells are far more numerous than neurons and, unlike neurons, are capable of mitosis.

What are 3 types of glial cells?

There are three types of glial cells in the mature central nervous system: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglial cells (Figure 1.4A—C). Astrocytes, which are restricted to the brain and spinal cord, have elaborate local processes that give these cells a starlike appearance (hence the prefix “astro”).

What are the 5 types of glial cells?

Glial cells are the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system. Types of glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, microglia, and satellite cells.

What is an astrocyte?

Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that outnumber neurons by over fivefold. They contiguously tile the entire central nervous system (CNS) and exert many essential complex functions in the healthy CNS. ... Astrocyte involvement in specific clinicopathological entities is being defined.

What cells line the ventricles and produce CSF?

long answer: The ependyma is made up of ependymal cells, ependymocytes, a type of glial cell. These cells line the CSF-filled ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. The cells are ciliated simple columnar[1] epithelium-like cells.

Which structure is principally responsible for the blood brain barrier?

The blood-brain barrier surrounds most of the blood vessels in the brain. It is a structure that is formed primarily due to the establishment of tight junctions between endothelial cells (i.e. cells that line the walls of blood vessels).

What happens when microglia are activated?

Activation of microglia is a hallmark of brain pathology. ... The chronic activation of microglia may in turn cause neuronal damage through the release of potentially cytotoxic molecules such as proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen intermediates, proteinases and complement proteins.

What is microglia function?

Microglia are resident cells of the brain that regulate brain development, maintenance of neuronal networks, and injury repair. ... They are responsible for the elimination of microbes, dead cells, redundant synapses, protein aggregates, and other particulate and soluble antigens that may endanger the CNS.

How are microglia activated?

Microglia are well integrated in the neuronal glial network of the healthy CNS. ... In general, microglia activation is triggered by a plethora of well described subsets of immune receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), scavenger receptors, and numerous cytokine and chemokine receptors.