Difference Between Hydrocracking and Hydrotreating

The major differences between hydrocracking and hydrotreating are the time which the feedstock remains at reaction temperature, and the extent of decomposition of the non-heteroatom constituents.

1. What is the hydrotreating process?
2. What is hydrotreating process in petroleum refinery?
3. Is hydrocracking endothermic or exothermic?
4. What is naphtha hydrotreating?
5. What is the goal of hydrotreating?
6. What is hydrodesulfurization process?
7. Is hydrotreating exothermic?
8. What is the composition of petroleum?
9. What is the most common use for petroleum coke?
10. What is visbreaking process?
11. Is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic?
12. What happens during catalytic cracking?

What is the hydrotreating process?

Catalytic hydrotreating is a hydrogenation process used to remove about 90% of contaminants such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and metals from liquid petroleum fractions. ... The process also converts olefins and aromatics to saturated compounds. Hydrotreating for sulfur removal is called hydrodesulfurization.

What is hydrotreating process in petroleum refinery?

Oil Refining and Products

Catalytic hydrotreating is a hydrogenation process used to remove approximately 90% of contaminants, such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and metals, from liquid petroleum fractions. ... In addition, hydrotreating converts olefins and aromatics to saturated compounds.

Is hydrocracking endothermic or exothermic?

Another difference between hydrocracking and catalytic cracking includes the change in enthalpy; while catalytic cracking is an endothermic process, hydrocracking is an exothermic process. The heat for catalytic cracking is supplied by the regeneration of catalysts.

What is naphtha hydrotreating?

Heavy Naphtha cut from the atmospheric crude oil distillation column in a refinery is sent to a 'Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit'. ... The naphtha hydrotreating unit uses a cobalt-molybdenum catalyst to remove sulfur by converting it to hydrogen sulfide that is removed along with unreacted hydrogen.

What is the goal of hydrotreating?

The purpose of a hydrotreater unit is primarily to remove sulfur and other contaminants from intermediate streams before blending into a finished refined product or before being fed into another refinery process unit.

What is hydrodesulfurization process?

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur (S) from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils.

Is hydrotreating exothermic?

All the hydrotreating reactions are exothermic, causing an increase in the reactor temperature as the feed passes through the catalyst bed. ... The heat of the reaction varies significantly among the different reactions and from one compound to the other, as can be seen in Table 3.3 (Ali, 2007).

What is the composition of petroleum?

Petroleum is a naturally occurring complex mixture made up predominantly of organic carbon and hydrogen compounds. It also frequently contains significant amounts of nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen together with smaller quantities of nickel, vanadium and other elements.

What is the most common use for petroleum coke?

Fuel grade petcoke is typically very high in heating value (BTUs per pound), produces virtually no ash when burned, and is most commonly used in electric power plants and cement kilns. As a carbon source, petroleum coke is used to manufacture: Energy. Steel.

What is visbreaking process?

Visbreaking is a mild thermal cracking process applied to reduce the viscosity of VDR to produce fuel oil and some light products to increase the distillate yield in a refinery [1]. ... As in all chemical reactions, conversion in visbreaking depends primarily on temperature and time.

Is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic?

Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because sunlight is being absorbed during the reaction and the definition suggests that in a reaction if heat is being absorbed it is termed as an endothermic reaction.

What happens during catalytic cracking?

Catalytic cracking is an important process in the oil industry where petroleum vapor passes through a low-density bed of catalyst, which causes the heavier fractions to 'crack' producing lighter more valuable products. In the petrochemicals industry they are used for producing polyolefins on a very large scale.