Difference Between Eclipse and Latent Period

1. What is Eclipse period?
2. How do you calculate latent period?
3. What is latent phage?
4. How are the lytic and lysogenic cycles similar and different in terms of process and infection?
5. Do viruses have a lifespan?
6. How do viruses kill cells?
7. What occurs during the latent period?
8. What is the latent period?
9. What are the causes of latent period?
10. What is latent period in action potential?
11. What is the difference between latent period and incubation period?
12. What's a prophage?

What is Eclipse period?

The time elapsed between successful cell infection and the start of virus production is called the eclipse phase. Its duration is specific to each virus strain and, along with an effective virus production rate, plays a key role in infection kinetics.

How do you calculate latent period?

P_t is a function of latent period, i.e., P_t = f(L), since both the phage generation time and the phage burst size (see equation 1) are functions of L. Latent-period optima (L_opt) therefore may be determined graphically by plotting the number of phages produced over some interval, P_t, against the phage latent period.

What is latent phage?

A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to "phage") genome inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid. This is a latent form of a phage, in which the viral genes are present in the bacterium without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.

How are the lytic and lysogenic cycles similar and different in terms of process and infection?

The difference between lysogenic and lytic cycles is that, in lysogenic cycles, the spread of the viral DNA occurs through the usual prokaryotic reproduction, whereas a lytic cycle is more immediate in that it results in many copies of the virus being created very quickly and the cell is destroyed.

Do viruses have a lifespan?

The only life process a virus undergoes independently is reproduction to make copies of itself, which can only happen after they have invaded the cells of another organism. Outside of their host some viruses can still survive, depending on environmental conditions, but their life span is considerably shorter.

How do viruses kill cells?

The range of structural and biochemical (i.e., cytopathic) effects that viruses have on the host cell is extensive. Most viral infections eventually result in the death of the host cell. The causes of death include cell lysis, alterations to the cell's surface membrane and various modes of programmed cell death.

What occurs during the latent period?

During the latent period, the action potential is being propagated along the sarcolemma. During the contraction phase, Ca⁺⁺ ions in the sarcoplasm bind to troponin, tropomyosin moves from actin-binding sites, cross-bridges form, and sarcomeres shorten.

What is the latent period?

In epidemiology, particularly in the discussion of infectious disease dynamics (modeling), the latent period (also known as the latency period or the pre-infectious period) is the time interval between when an individual or host is infected by a pathogen and when he or she becomes infectious, i.e. capable of ...

What are the causes of latent period?

Muscle contraction, the time between a stimulus to the nerve and the contraction of the muscle. Virus latency, a period during which a virus remains dormant in a cell and does not profilerate.

What is latent period in action potential?

The contraction generated by a single action potential is called a muscle twitch. ... The latent period, or lag phase, the contraction phase, and the relaxation phase. The latent period is a short delay (1-2 msec) from the time when the action potential reaches the muscle until tension can be observed in the muscle.

What is the difference between latent period and incubation period?

The period between exposure and infection is called 'latent period', since the pathogen is present in a 'latent' stage, without clinical symptoms or signes of infection in the host. The period between exposure and onset of clinical symptoms is called 'incubation period'.

What's a prophage?

: an intracellular form of a bacteriophage in which it is harmless to the host, is usually integrated into the hereditary material of the host, and reproduces when the host does.