difference between drug-induced parkinsonism and parkinson's disease

There are key differences to note between parkinsonism from PD and parkinsonism as a side effect of medication. Drug-induced parkinsonism often affects both sides of the body equally, whereas PD is virtually always asymmetric, affecting one side of the body more than the other.

1. What is the difference between Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism?
2. What is drug-induced Parkinsonism?
3. Why Levodopa is not given in drug-induced Parkinsonism?
4. What are the two types of Parkinson's disease?
5. What are the two most common secondary parkinsonism?
6. What are the symptoms of vascular parkinsonism?
7. What are the symptoms of drug-induced Parkinsonism?
8. What is the cause of parkinsonism?
9. Can parkinsonism reversed?
10. What medications should be avoided in Parkinson's disease?
11. Is drug-induced Parkinsonism progressive?
12. What can mimic Parkinson's disease?

What is the difference between Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism?

What's the difference between vascular parkinsonism and Parkinson's? As the name implies, vascular parkinsonism is caused by cerebrovascular disease which affects the blood supply to the brain. Vascular parkinsonism is caused by one or more small strokes, while Parkinson's is caused by a gradual loss of nerve cells.

What is drug-induced Parkinsonism?

Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is the second-most-common etiology of parkinsonism in the elderly after Parkinson's disease (PD). Many patients with DIP may be misdiagnosed with PD because the clinical features of these two conditions are indistinguishable.

Why Levodopa is not given in drug-induced Parkinsonism?

The most common interactions encountered in clinical practice are pharmacodynamic in nature. It is well established that antipsychotic drugs reduce the efficacy of levodopa in parkinson's disease by blockade of dopamine receptors in the corpus striatum.

What are the two types of Parkinson's disease?

Types of Parkinson's and parkinsonism

• Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)
• Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB)
• Drug-induced parkinsonism.
• Essential Tremor.
• Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)
• Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)
• Vascular (Arteriosclerotic) parkinsonism.

What are the two most common secondary parkinsonism?

Secondary parkinsonism includes drug-induced parkinsonism, vascular parkinsonism, normal pressure hydrocephalus (NSA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and multiple system atrophy (MSA).

What are the symptoms of vascular parkinsonism?

Vascular (also referred to as "multi-infarct") parkinsonism is a form of "atypical parkinsonism" in which parkinsonian symptoms (slow movements, tremor, difficulty with walking and balance, stiffness and rigidity) are produced by one or more small strokes, rather than by gradual loss of nerve cells as seen in the more ...

What are the symptoms of drug-induced Parkinsonism?

Drug-induced Parkinsonism (DIP) is the second most prevalent cause of secondary Parkinsonism. Its symptoms, which include tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and gait disturbance, are very similar to those of Parkinson's disease (PD).

What is the cause of parkinsonism?

Parkinson's disease is caused by a loss of nerve cells in the part of the brain called the substantia nigra. Nerve cells in this part of the brain are responsible for producing a chemical called dopamine.

Can parkinsonism reversed?

There are currently no treatments that can slow or stop Parkinson's, but cell replacement could help to reverse the condition. Ongoing research in people with Parkinson's is attempting to transplant pre-made cells into the right part of the brain.

What medications should be avoided in Parkinson's disease?

These drugs include Prochlorperazine (Compazine), Promethazine (Phenergan), and Metoclopramide (Reglan). They should be avoided. Also, drugs that deplete dopamine such as reserpine and tetrabenazine may worsen Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism and should be avoided in most cases.

Is drug-induced Parkinsonism progressive?

Although traditionally considered reversible, DIP may persist after drug withdrawal. At least 10% of patients with DIP develop persistent and progressive parkinsonism in spite of the discontinuation of the causative drug.

What can mimic Parkinson's disease?

The most important PD mimics include tremor disorders, drug-induced parkinsonism, vascular parkinsonism and Parkinson's-plus conditions (box 3 and table 1). Patients with these diseases are often misdiagnosed as having PD.