Difference Between Anatomical and Physiological Dead Space

Physiologic dead space includes all the non-respiratory parts of the bronchial tree included in anatomic dead space, but also factors in alveoli which are well-ventilated but poorly perfused and are therefore less efficient at exchanging gas with the blood.

1. What is physiological and anatomical dead space?
2. What is the difference between anatomical and alveolar dead space?
3. What do you mean by anatomical dead space?
4. What is the best definition of anatomical dead space?
5. How do you calculate physiological dead space?
6. Which factors determine Dead Space?
7. Why is it called anatomical dead space?
8. How does dead space effect ventilation?
9. Which are considered part of anatomic dead space quizlet?
10. What is the difference between shunt and dead space?
11. What structure is not part of the anatomical dead space?
12. What is PECO2?

What is physiological and anatomical dead space?

Physiologic or total dead space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar dead space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli.

What is the difference between anatomical and alveolar dead space?

Anatomical dead space is that portion of the airways (such as the mouth and trachea to the bronchioles) which conducts gas to the alveoli. ... In healthy lungs where the alveolar dead space is small, Fowler's method accurately measures the anatomic dead space by a nitrogen washout technique.

What do you mean by anatomical dead space?

Anatomic dead space specifically refers to the volume of air located in the respiratory tract segments that are responsible for conducting air to the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles but do not take part in the process of gas exchange itself.

What is the best definition of anatomical dead space?

: the dead space in that portion of the respiratory system which is external to the alveoli and includes the air-conveying ducts from the nostrils to the terminal bronchioles — compare physiological dead space.

How do you calculate physiological dead space?

Physiologic dead-space fraction (dead space divided by tidal volume [V_D/V_T]), as defined by Bohr and Enghoff, is the sum of anatomic or airway dead space (V_D-anat) and alveolar dead space (V_D-alv) divided by the V_T.

Which factors determine Dead Space?

Factors that increase dead space:

• General anesthesia – multifactorial, including loss of skeletal muscle tone and bronchoconstrictor tone.
• Anesthesia apparatus/circuit.
• Artificial airway.
• Neck extension and jaw protrusion (can increase it twofold)
• Positive pressure ventilation (i.e. increased airway pressure)

Why is it called anatomical dead space?

The anatomic dead space fills with inspired air at the end of each inspiration, but this air is exhaled unchanged. ... Thus, assuming a normal tidal volume of 500 ml, about 30% of this air is "wasted" in the sense that it does not participate in gas exchange.

How does dead space effect ventilation?

This is spoken of as the V_D/V_T or wasted fraction of each tidal breath. Multiplying this fraction by the tidal volume or minute ventilation gives the volume of physiological dead space or wasted ventilation. Dead space has the effect of diluting the CO₂ content of expired air below the alveolar level.

Which are considered part of anatomic dead space quizlet?

Name two structures in the respiratory system that are considered to be "Anatomical Dead Space". Why are all these structures considered Dead space? Nose, mouth, trachea, terminal bronchioles. Called a conducting zone but no gas exchange.

What is the difference between shunt and dead space?

Because shunt represents areas where gas exchange does not occur, 100% inspired oxygen is unable to overcome the hypoxia caused by shunting. ... Dead space is a space where gas exchange does not take place, such as the trachea; it is ventilation without perfusion.

What structure is not part of the anatomical dead space?

Anatomic dead space specifically refers to the volume of air located in the respiratory tract segments that are responsible for conducting air to the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles but do not take part in the process of gas exchange itself.

What is PECO2?

PECO2 = Expired CO2 Tension (mmHg) *PACO2 = PaCO2. A= alveolar. a= arterial. v= mixed venous.