catalytic cracking reactions

In catalytic cracking, the petroleum (or petroleum-derived feedstock) is fed into a reaction vessel containing a catalyst. ... Sulfur compounds are changed in such a way that the sulfur content of gasoline produced by catalytic cracking gasoline is lower than the sulfur content of gasoline produced by thermal cracking.

1. What type of reaction is catalytic cracking?
2. What happens during catalytic cracking?
3. Is catalytic cracking endothermic?
4. Is Catalytic Cracking a carbon rejection process?
5. What is required for catalytic cracking?
6. What is the advantage of catalytic cracking over thermal cracking?
7. What are the 2 types of cracking?
8. What is the difference between thermal and catalytic cracking?
9. Why is broken porcelain used in cracking?
10. What is the process of cracking?
11. What is moving bed catalytic cracking?
12. What is the purpose of cracking?

What type of reaction is catalytic cracking?

The alkane is brought into contact with the catalyst at a temperature of about 500°C and moderately low pressures. The zeolites used in catalytic cracking are chosen to give high percentages of hydrocarbons with between 5 and 10 carbon atoms - particularly useful for petrol (gasoline).

What happens during catalytic cracking?

Catalytic cracking is an important process in the oil industry where petroleum vapor passes through a low-density bed of catalyst, which causes the heavier fractions to 'crack' producing lighter more valuable products. In the petrochemicals industry they are used for producing polyolefins on a very large scale.

Is catalytic cracking endothermic?

The cracking reactions are endothermic, and the heat necessary to heat the hydrocarbon to the reaction temperature and to supply the heat of reaction is provided by the heat of combustion from burning the coke from the catalyst.

Is Catalytic Cracking a carbon rejection process?

The basis of catalytic cracking is carbon rejection, while hydrocracking is a hydrogen addition process. Catalyst cracking uses an acid catalyst, while hydrocracking uses a metal catalyst on acid support. Another differnce is that catalyst cracking is an endothermic process while hydrocracking is an exothermic process.

What is required for catalytic cracking?

The catalytic cracking process involves the presence of solid acid catalysts, usually silica-alumina and zeolites. The catalysts promote the formation of carbocations, which undergo processes of rearrangement and scission of C-C bonds.

What is the advantage of catalytic cracking over thermal cracking?

Catalytic cracking yields a higher quantity of branched-chain, unsaturated, aromatic hydrocarbons as compared to thermal cracking. Catalytic cracking is a better-controlled process than thermal cracking. Petrol obtained by catalytic cracking has lesser sulfur content.

What are the 2 types of cracking?

Cracking is primarily of two types – thermal cracking and catalytic cracking. Thermal cracking is further categorised into modern thermal cracking and steam cracking.

What is the difference between thermal and catalytic cracking?

The main difference between thermal cracking and catalytic cracking is that thermal cracking uses heat energy for the breakdown of compounds whereas catalytic cracking involves a catalyst to obtain products.

Why is broken porcelain used in cracking?

As the porcelain chips are heated the vapour from the paraffin is 'cracked', or broken down into smaller hydrocarbons. ... Cracking them into smaller hydrocarbons makes them easier to use.

What is the process of cracking?

Cracking, in petroleum refining, the process by which heavy hydrocarbon molecules are broken up into lighter molecules by means of heat and usually pressure and sometimes catalysts. Cracking is the most important process for the commercial production of gasoline and diesel fuel.

What is moving bed catalytic cracking?

In the FCC unit, the catalyst is a finely divided powder. When the catalyst is fluidized or “fluffed-up” with air or hydrocarbon vapor it behaves like a fluid and can be moved through pipes and valves. The catalyst in a moving bed catalytic cracker is in the form of beads or pellets.

What is the purpose of cracking?

Cracking is a technique used in oil refineries whereby large and complex hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller and lighter components that are more useful for commercial or consumer use. Cracking is a critical stage in the process of refining crude oil.