Splicing

What is the Difference Between RNA Splicing and Alternative Splicing

What is the Difference Between RNA Splicing and Alternative Splicing

The main difference between RNA splicing and alternative splicing is that the RNA splicing is the process of splicing the exons of the primary transcript of mRNA whereas the alternative splicing is the process of producing differential combinations of exons of the same gene.

  1. What does alternative RNA splicing do?
  2. What is RNA splicing and why is it important?
  3. What is an example of alternative splicing?
  4. What is the process of RNA splicing?
  5. Why is RNA splicing necessary in eukaryotes?
  6. What happens during alternative splicing?
  7. How many types of splicing are there?
  8. What happens to introns after splicing?
  9. Are exons removed?
  10. How common is alternative splicing?
  11. How do you detect alternative splicing?
  12. What causes alternative splicing?

What does alternative RNA splicing do?

Alternative splicing of RNA is a crucial process for changing the genomic instructions into functional proteins. It plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression and protein diversity in a variety of eukaryotes. In humans, approximately 95% of multi-exon genes undergo alternative splicing.

What is RNA splicing and why is it important?

Splicing makes genes more "modular," allowing new combinations of exons to be created during evolution. Furthermore, new exons can be inserted into old introns, creating new proteins without disrupting the function of the old gene. Our knowledge of RNA splicing is quite new.

What is an example of alternative splicing?

Collectively such genes are considered to undergo complex alternative splicing. The best example is the Drosophila Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) gene, which can generate 38,016 isoforms by the alternative splicing of 95 variable exons.

What is the process of RNA splicing?

RNA splicing, in molecular biology, is a form of RNA processing in which a newly made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). During splicing, introns (non-coding regions) are removed and exons (coding regions) are joined together.

Why is RNA splicing necessary in eukaryotes?

It is necessary in eukaryotic cells because eukaryotic genes contain non coding regions (known as introns) in between coding regions (known as exons). So to make a functional protein from the mRNA, the introns must be removed and this is done by splicing.

What happens during alternative splicing?

Alternative splicing is the process of selecting different combinations of splice sites within a messenger RNA precursor (pre-mRNA) to produce variably spliced mRNAs. These multiple mRNAs can encode proteins that vary in their sequence and activity, and yet arise from a single gene.

How many types of splicing are there?

There are two types of fiber splicing – mechanical splicing and fusion splicing. Mechanical splicing doesn't physically fuse two optical fibers together, rather two fibers are held butt-to-butt inside a sleeve with some mechanical mechanism.

What happens to introns after splicing?

After transcription of a eukaryotic pre-mRNA, its introns are removed by the spliceosome, joining exons for translation. The intron products of splicing have long been considered 'junk' and destined only for destruction.

Are exons removed?

Introns and exons are nucleotide sequences within a gene. Introns are removed by RNA splicing as RNA matures, meaning that they are not expressed in the final messenger RNA (mRNA) product, while exons go on to be covalently bonded to one another in order to create mature mRNA.

How common is alternative splicing?

Evidence of alternative splicing was shown in 35% of genes and the majority of splicing events occurred in 5′ untranslated regions, suggesting wide occurrence of alternative regulation. Most of the alternative splices of coding regions generated additional protein domains rather than alternating domains.

How do you detect alternative splicing?

Quantification of alternative splicing to detect the abundance of differentially spliced isoforms of a gene in total RNA can be accomplished via RT-PCR using both quantitative real-time and semi-quantitative PCR methods.

What causes alternative splicing?

The mechanism of alternative splicing

These cis-acting regulatory elements alter splicing by binding different trans-acting protein factors, such as SR (Serine-Arginine rich) proteins that function as splicing facilitators, and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that suppress splicing.

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