How are DNA Microarrays Used in the Study of Genomics

Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to genotype multiple regions of a genome. Each DNA spot contains picomoles (10⁻¹² moles) of a specific DNA sequence, known as probes (or reporters or oligos).

1. What are DNA microarrays used for?
2. What is the advantage of using DNA microarrays for analyzing gene expression?
3. How are DNA chips useful in functional genomics?
4. What do microarrays do to scientists?
5. How are DNA microarrays made?
6. What can a microarray detect?
7. What are the limitations of DNA microarray?
8. What is DNA microarray technology?
9. What are some potential problems with microarray analysis?
10. What can a DNA microarray teach us about oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?
11. What are the limitations of DNA microarray technology quizlet?
12. What does it tell us if two genes show the same levels of expression?

What are DNA microarrays used for?

A microarray is a laboratory tool used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at the same time. DNA microarrays are microscope slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions, with each spot containing a known DNA sequence or gene.

What is the advantage of using DNA microarrays for analyzing gene expression?

The microarrays have become important because they are easier to use, do not require large-scale DNA sequencing and allow the parallel quantification of thousands of genes from multiple samples.

How are DNA chips useful in functional genomics?

A recently invented technique, known as gene chip, or DNA microarray, technology, allows the study of the function of thousands of genes at once, thereby opening the door to the new field of functional genomics. ... The most important applications are the gene expression profiling of skin cancer, especially of melanoma.

What do microarrays do to scientists?

Microarrays are a relatively new technology that allow scientists to identify which specific genes a cell is using at a particular point in time.

How are DNA microarrays made?

In Situ-Synthesized DNA Microarrays

These are made using photolithography, which literally means to use light to create a pattern. ... The process is repeated, a new mask is applied activating different sets of sites and coupling different bases, allowing arbitrary DNA probes to be constructed at each site.

What can a microarray detect?

Microarray analysis may also detect large parts of a chromosome that are genetically identical. Having genetically identical chromosome parts could mean that a person's parents are blood relatives or have a common ancestor.

What are the limitations of DNA microarray?

Limitations of microarrays

high background levels owing to cross-hybridisation. limited dynamic range of detection owing to both background and saturation signals. comparing expression levels across different experiments is often difficult and can require complicated normalisation methods.

What is DNA microarray technology?

The DNA microarray is a tool used to determine whether the DNA from a particular individual contains a mutation in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2. The chip consists of a small glass plate encased in plastic. Some companies manufacture microarrays using methods similar to those used to make computer microchips.

What are some potential problems with microarray analysis?

The most significant disadvantages of microarrays include the high cost of a single experiment, the large number of probe designs based on sequences of low-specificity, as well as the lack of control over the pool of analyzed transcripts since most of the commonly used microarray platforms utilize only one set of ...

What can a DNA microarray teach us about oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?

What can a DNA microarray teach us about oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes? It can teach us that oncogenes are more likely to be present when there is an increase in gene expression and there is more tumor suppressor genes when there is a decrease in gene expression. ... The gene is not expressed in either cell.

What are the limitations of DNA microarray technology quizlet?

What limitations of DNA microarray technology is there? It cannot tell which genes "went bad," cannot cure a disease, and cannot identify every gene that misbehaved.

What does it tell us if two genes show the same levels of expression?

What does it tell us if two genes show the same levels of expression in cancer cells and normal cells? That the gene has not been affected by the cancer cell. You just studied 5 terms!